Introduction to Linux Storage
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Welcome to the "Introduction to Linux Storage" lesson. In this session, we will explore the fundamental concepts of storage in Linux, including formatting, filesystems, device file management, and mounting techniques. By the end of this lesson, you will have a foundational understanding of how Linux interacts with storage devices and how you can manage them effectively.
Formatting and Filesystems
Before a raw disk can be used in Linux, it must undergo a process known as formatting. This process involves writing a filesystem to the disk, which is essential for organizing data and managing file operations.
What is a Filesystem?
A filesystem is a method of structuring and controlling how data is stored and retrieved from a storage device. Without a filesystem, the storage device would be unusable for standard file operations.
Popular Filesystems in Linux
- Ext4: The default choice for many Linux distributions, Ext4 is a journaled filesystem known for its stability and comprehensive support.
- XFS: Optimized for performance, especially with large files and disks, XFS is a good choice for systems that handle large data volumes.
- Btrfs: A modern filesystem with advanced features like integrated volume management, snapshots, and cloning.
- ZFS: A robust filesystem with features similar to Btrfs, including data integrity checks and support for large storage configurations.
Filesystems from Other Operating Systems
- NTFS and ExFAT: Primarily used by Windows.
- HFS+ and APFS: Used by macOS.
While Linux can read and sometimes write to these filesystems, additional compatibility tools may be required.
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